Sizing Swimming Pool Heaters

Calculating outdoor swimming pool heaters

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The necessary heat to increase and maintain the temperature of an outdoor pool can be expressed as

h_total = h_surface + h_heat-up (1)

where

h_total = total heat load (btu./hr.)

h_surface = heat loss through surface - mainly evaporation of water from the surface (btu./hr.)

h_heat-up = heat load necessary to move the pool from the initial temperature (btu./hr.)

The heat-up load depends on the volume of the pool witch can be expressed as

V = l w d 7.5 (Gal./Cu.Ft.) (2)

where

V = volume (Gal.)

l = length (ft)

w = width (ft)

d = depth (ft)

The heat-up load can be expressed as

h_heat-up = V 8.34 (lbs./gal.) dT_w 1.0 (btu/lb.^oF) / dt (3)

where

dT_w = difference between initial temperature and the final temperature of the water (^oF)

dt = heat pick-up time (sec.)

The heat load necessary to cover up the surface loss can be expressed as

h_surface = k_s dT_aw A (4)

where

k_s = surface heat loss factor - for sheltered positions with average wind velocity 2 to 5 (mph), the surface heat loss factor is in the range 4 to 7 (btu/hr. sq.ft. ^oF).

dT_aw = temperature difference between the air and surface water in the pool (^oF)

A = surface area of the pool (sq.ft.)

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